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Sodium-ion batteries and lithium-ion batteries "dance"

Sep 6,2021.

Sodium-ion batteries and lithium-ion batteries "dance"

"Sodium-ion batteries are not a substitute for lithium-ion batteries, but are complementary to lithium-ion batteries, alleviating the anxiety of lithium resources in the power battery industry and preventing the future from getting stuck."

Currently, secondary batteries are mainly lead-acid batteries and lithium-ion batteries. Lithium-ion batteries are undoubtedly the best in secondary batteries. However, with the widespread popularity of electrification, the shortage of reliance on overseas lithium resources has become increasingly prominent, and it is difficult to complete the important task of my country's energy reform by relying solely on lithium-ion batteries. It is urgent to innovate another technical route.

Sodium ion batteries have the advantages of low cost, long life and high safety performance. Not only can it become a supplement to lithium-ion batteries to a certain extent, but also alleviate the shortage of lithium resources. It can also gradually replace lead-acid batteries with serious environmental pollution to ensure my country's energy security and sustainable social development.

Sodium-ion batteries and lithium-ion batteries

The Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has made many attempts in the development of sodium ion batteries. In terms of cathode materials, it is the first time that the Cu2+/Cu3+ redox couple, which is inactive in lithium ion batteries, has electrochemical activity in sodium ion oxide. Based on this, a ternary cathode material of copper, iron and manganese was designed, which has excellent stability, electrochemical performance, and lower cost. The invention patent has been authorized by China, Japan, the United States and the European Union at the same time.

In terms of anode materials, the Institute of Physics focuses on carbon materials, aiming to develop a low-cost amorphous carbon anode material, and proposes to use anthracite, a cheap precursor, to become an amorphous carbon material. Now it can achieve 260 Ah/kg, taking into account cycle life and cost.

In addition to the advantages of abundant reserves and low cost, sodium ion batteries also have the advantages of easy manufacturing, low cost, high safety, long life, wide temperature range and high rate. The application scenarios are mainly for fields below 150Wh/kg, including various energy storage, electric bicycles, and low-speed electric vehicles.